Questionnaire
Most of the available data on tough constructions is from the Indo-European languages. One of the main objectives of this site is to start documenting the properties of tough constructions from other language families.
This is an ongoing personal project and I anticipate adding languages to the website on a regular basis. In order to have data that allows cross-linguistic comparison, I have devised a questionnaire that I use for all data collection.
I have attached the questionnaire draft here which you are free to use with permission.
Tough Construction Questionnaire
The questionnaire aims to elicit background data about the language regarding basic word order, A'-movement strategies and tough construction formation.
There are ten sets of questions in the questionnaire. The following is a brief outline of what the purpose of each section is.
Qn 1: Basic word order, alignment, active/ passive difference.
Qn 2: Embedded clauses (finite/ infinitives)
Qn 3: Wh-question strategies to determine what A'-movement looks like.
Qn 4: Basic tough constructions (movement and expletives)
Qn 5: Tough constructions with matrix experiencer
Qn 6: Tough constructions with multiple embedded clauses
Qn 7: Verbal tough predicate take time constructions
Qn 8: Negation and tough constructions
Qn 9: Subject-oriented adverbs and tough constructions
Qn 10: Pretty predicates and too/ enough constructions
These are some of the questions that the questionnaire was designed to answer:
a) What is the morphological shape of tough constructions?
b) Is tough movement optional or obligatory?
c) Are there special morphological markers accompanying tough constructions?
d) Is multiple embedding of a clause containing the object gap allowed?
e) Is there evidence for tough constructions with verbal predicates?
f) Is there evidence that the surface subject in a tough construction thematic?
g) What type of dependency does the surface subject have with the embedded position where the gap occurs?
I expect the questionnaire to be revised as the project develops.
This is an ongoing personal project and I anticipate adding languages to the website on a regular basis. In order to have data that allows cross-linguistic comparison, I have devised a questionnaire that I use for all data collection.
I have attached the questionnaire draft here which you are free to use with permission.
Tough Construction Questionnaire
The questionnaire aims to elicit background data about the language regarding basic word order, A'-movement strategies and tough construction formation.
There are ten sets of questions in the questionnaire. The following is a brief outline of what the purpose of each section is.
Qn 1: Basic word order, alignment, active/ passive difference.
Qn 2: Embedded clauses (finite/ infinitives)
Qn 3: Wh-question strategies to determine what A'-movement looks like.
Qn 4: Basic tough constructions (movement and expletives)
Qn 5: Tough constructions with matrix experiencer
Qn 6: Tough constructions with multiple embedded clauses
Qn 7: Verbal tough predicate take time constructions
Qn 8: Negation and tough constructions
Qn 9: Subject-oriented adverbs and tough constructions
Qn 10: Pretty predicates and too/ enough constructions
These are some of the questions that the questionnaire was designed to answer:
a) What is the morphological shape of tough constructions?
b) Is tough movement optional or obligatory?
c) Are there special morphological markers accompanying tough constructions?
d) Is multiple embedding of a clause containing the object gap allowed?
e) Is there evidence for tough constructions with verbal predicates?
f) Is there evidence that the surface subject in a tough construction thematic?
g) What type of dependency does the surface subject have with the embedded position where the gap occurs?
I expect the questionnaire to be revised as the project develops.